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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
End of the current decade. The DUNE FD will therefore be constructed with a readout and data selection system that is required to receive and process an overall raw data rate of 4 × 1.175 TB/s, achieve a factor of 104 data reduction, and maintain >99% efficiency to particle interactions of interest that are predicted to be as rare as once per century (Abi et al., 2020d).The scientific goals of DUNE include, but are not limited to, observing neutrinos from rare (once per century) galactic supernova bursts (SNBs) (Abi et al., 2020b, 2021b), searching for rare baryon number violation processes such as argon-bound proton decay and argon-bound neutron-antineutron oscillation, and studying interactions of neutrinos that are produced in cosmic ray air showers in the Earth's atmosphere (Abi et al., 2020b, 2021a). From the data acquisition (DAQ) and data selection (trigger) point of view, these rare physics searches and in particular the requirement to be >99% efficient to a galactic SNBs with a less than once per month false positive SNB detection rate, cast particularly stringent technical requirements.More specifically, in order to select these “events”, which take place randomly and unpredictably, the DUNE DAQ and trigger system must scan all detector data continuously and with zero dead time, and identify rare physics signatures of interest in a “self-triggering” mode—without relying on any external signals prompting data readout. Furthermore, a self-triggering scheme reaching nearly perfect (100%) efficiency for rare physics events is needed in order for DUNE to achieve its full physics program. This further requires temporarily buffering large amounts of data while this processing takes place. In the case of DUNE, buffering constraints translate into a sub-second latency requirement for the trigger decision. Additionally, the trigger decision needs to achieve an overall 104 data rate reduction, and with high signal selection efficiency, corresponding to an average of >60% efficiency on individual supernova neutrino interactions, and >90% efficiency to other rare interactions including atmospheric neutrino interactions and baryon number violating events.The first DUNE FD module will image charged particle trajectories within 200 independent but contiguous liquid argon volume regions (“cells”). Charged particle trajectories within each cell will be read out by sensor wires arranged in three planes: one charge-collection wire plane, plus two charge-induction wire planes. Each plane's readout corresponds to a particular 2D projected view of the 3D cell volume, and the combination of induction and collection plane information allows for
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