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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Maurya Empireca.320 BCE – 185 BCEMaurya Empire, conceptualised as a network of core regions connected by networks of communication and trade, with large areas with peripheral or no Maurya control.[a]Traditional depiction of the Maurya Empire under Ashoka as a solid mass of Maurya-controlled territory.[b][c]StatusEmpireCapitalPataliputra(near present-day Patna)Common languagesSanskrit (literary and academic),Magadhi Prakrit (vernacular)Religion Brahmanism[1][d]Jainism[2][3][4][e]Buddhism[5][6][f]Ajivikism[5][6][g]Greek polytheismZoroastrianism (northwest)[7]Demonym(s)IndianGovernmentAbsolute monarchy[8]Emperor • ca.320–298 BCE Chandragupta• 298–272 BCE Bindusara• 268–232 BCE Ashoka• 232–224 BCE Dasharatha• 224–215 BCE Samprati• 215–202 BCE Shalishuka• 202–195 BCE Devavarman• 195–187 BCE Shatadhanvan• 187–185 BCE BrihadrathaHistorical eraIron Age• Nanda-Mauryan War ca.320 BCE • Assassination of Brihadratha by Pushyamitra Shunga 185 BCEArea261 BCE[9](low-end estimate of peak area)3,400,000 km2 (1,300,000 sq mi)250 BCE[10](high-end estimate of peak area)5,000,000 km2 (1,900,000 sq mi)Population• 3rd century BC 15,000,000–30,000,000[11]CurrencyKarshapana Preceded bySucceeded byNanda EmpireArachosiaParopamisadaeParada kingdomAparantaSaurashtra (region)AndhrasKalinga (historical region)Shunga EmpireIndo-Greek KingdomMitra dynasty (Kosambi)Vidarbha kingdom (Mauryan era)SamatataSatavahana dynastyMahameghavahana dynastyToday part ofIndiaPakistanBangladeshNepalAfghanistanThe Maurya Empire was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in South Asia with its power base in Magadha. Founded by Chandragupta Maurya around c. 320 BCE[h] it existed in loose-knit fashion until 185 BCE.[i] The primary sources for the written records of the Mauryan times are partial records of the lost history of Megasthenes in Roman texts of several centuries later,[12] the Edicts of Ashoka, which were first read in the modern era by James Prinsep after he had deciphered the Brahmi and Kharoshthi scripts in 1838,[13] and the Arthashastra, a work first discovered in the early 20th century,[14] and previously attributed to Chanakya, but now thought to be composed by multiple authors in the first centuries of the common era. Archaeologically, the period of Mauryan rule in South Asia falls into the era of Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW).Through military conquests and diplomatic treaties, Chandragupta Maurya defeated the Nanda dynasty and extended his suzerainty as far westward as Afghanistan below the Hindu Kush and as far south as the northern Deccan;[k] however, beyond the core Magadha area, the prevailing levels of technology and infrastructure limited how deeply his rule could penetrate society.[l] During the rule of Chandragupta's grandson, Ashoka (ca. 268–232 BCE), the empire briefly controlled the major
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